Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile
materials such as fibers, yarn and fabrics with the objective of achieving
color with desired fastness. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution
containing dyes and particular chemical material. Dye molecules are fixed to
the fiber by absorption, diffusion or bonding with temperature and time being
key controlling factors.
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| Different types of dyeing |
Types of commercial
dyeing process:
- Direct Dyeing
- Stock Dyeing
- Top dyeing
- Yarn Dyeing
- Space Dyeing
- Skein Dyeing
- Package Dyeing
- Warp Beam Dyeing
- Garments Dyeing
- Piece Dyeing
Direct dyeing
A water soluble dye usually of the azo class that is used in
alkaline or neutral solution especially for dyeing cellulosic material (such as
cotton or paper) directly. When a dye is applied directly to the fabric without
the aid of an affixing it is called direct dyeing.
Stock Dyeing
Stock dyeing refers to the dyeing of fibers or stock before
it is spun into yarn. It id done by putting loose, un-spun fibers into large
vats containing the dye bath, which is less than heated to proper temperature.
Top Dyeing
Top dyeing is another method of dyeing fiber or yarn prior to
being spun. This method, the short fibers are removed before the dyeing
process. Top refers to the long fibers of wool from which the short ones were
removed from and used for worsted yarn.
Piece Dyeing
The most commonly used processes for imparting color to
cotton are piece dyeing and yarn dyeing. In piece dyeing, which is used
primarily for fabrics that are to be a solid color, a continuous length of dry
cloth is passed full width through a trough of hot dye solution.
Yarn Dyeing
Yarn dyeing is the special type of dyeing process. Yarn are
dyed In package from or hank from by yarn dyeing process. It is slightly difference
from woven or knit dyeing dyeing dyed. Deyed yarns are used for making stripe
knit or woven fabrics or solid dyed yarn fabric or in sweater manufacturing.
Space Dyeing
Space dyeing is a process of dyeing of yarn in which multiple
colors are applied along the length of each stand of yarn which may or may not
repeat after a fixed interval. Space dyed yarn is sometimes referred to as dip
dyed yarn.
Skein Dyeing
Skein dyeing is one of the oldest methods of coloring yarn. A
skein, which is a length of yarn wound in a loose coil, is dyed by being
immersed in a receptacle containing pigment.
Package dyeing
The term package dyeing usually denotes for dyeing of yarn
that has been wound on perforated cores. This helps in forcing the liquor
through the package. With the start of dyeing cycle, The dye liquor goes on
circulating throughout the vessel and tank. This happens till all the dye is
used up or fully exhausted.
Beam Dyeing
A machine for dyeing yarns or fabrics that have been wound
into a special beam that has evenly perforated holes along its barrel. The dye
is forced through the barrel into the yarn/fabric from inside to outside and
vice versa
Garments dyeing
Garments dyeing is the process of dyeing fully fashioned
garments (such as pants, pullovers, t-shirt, jeans, sweaters, dresses,
bathrobes, casual, shirts, skirts, hosieries) subsequent to manufacturing as
opposed to the conventional method of manufacturing garments from pre-dyed
fabrics.
Piece Dyeing
The most commonly used processes for imparting color to
cotton are piece dyeing and yarn dyeing. In piece dyeing, which is used
primarily for fabrics that are to be a solid color, a continuous length of dry
cloth is passed full width through a trough of hot dye solution.